To understand the effect of different forms of payment in an acquisition, is better to follow an example.
Company Buyer (B):
# Shares = 1,000
Market price p/ share = 50
Market Capitalization = 50,000
Company Seller (S):
# Shares = 600
Market price p/ share = 15
Market Capitalization = 9,000
Value of S to B = 14,000 (synergy = 5,000)
1) If B buy S with cash based in a price of 20 per share the NPV to B would be:
14,000 - 20 x 600 = 2,000
2) If B buy S with stocks based on market prices the NPV to B would be:
Shares needed to be issued to buy S: 600 x 15 / 50 = 180 shares
Total # of shares after the acquisition = 1,000 + 180 = 1,180
Total market cap after the acquisition = 50,000 + 14,000 = 64,000
Price per share = 64,000 / 1,180 = 54.24
NPV = 14,000 - 180 x 54.24 = 4,237
3) If B buy S with stock based in a price per share of S of 20:
Shares needed to be issued to buy S: 600 x 20 / 50 = 240
Total # of shares after the acquisition = 1,000 + 240 = 1,240
Total market cap after the acquisition = 64,000
Price per share = 64,000 / 1,240 = 51.61
NPV = 14,000 - 240 x 51.61 = 1,613
So buying with stock at market price seems to be a good deal in this case, huh?
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